Abstract
SummaryThe plant phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays significant roles in integrating environmental signals with embryogenesis, germination, seedling establishment, the floral transition and the adaptation of plants to stressful environments by modulating stomatal movement and stress‐responsive gene expression. ABA signalling consists of ABA perception, signal transduction and ABA‐induced responses. ABA receptors such as members of the PYR/PYL family, group A type 2C protein phosphatases (as negative regulators), SnRK2 protein kinases (as positive regulators), bZIP transcription factors and ion channels are key components of ABA signalling. Post‐translational modifications, including dephosphorylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, play important roles in regulating ABA signalling. In this review, we focus on the roles of post‐translational modifications in ABA signalling. The studies presented provide a detailed picture of the ABA signalling network.
Highlights
As sessile organisms, plants must adapt to their environment to survive, develop and propagate-especially under stressful conditions
RNA interference (RNAi) mutants in which at least three members of the RSL1like gene family were silenced showed abscisic acid (ABA)-hypersensitive phenotypes in terms of the ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination and early seedling growth, whereas Ring finger of seed longevity 1 (RSL1) overexpression reduced ABA sensitivity (Bueso et al, 2014). These findings suggest that RSL1 acts as a negative regulator of ABA signalling by mediating the degradation of ABA receptors (Bueso et al, 2014)
Loss-of-function mutants of RGLG1 and RGLG5 showed ABA-insensitive phenotypes in germination and postgermination growth. These results suggest that both RGLG1 and RGLG5 are positive regulators of ABA signalling through disrupting repressors of ABA signalling to activate ABA pathway (Wu et al, 2016)
Summary
Plants must adapt to their environment to survive, develop and propagate-especially under stressful conditions. 2A protein phosphatases (PP2As), transcription factors and proteins encoded by ABA-responsive genes are targeted for E3 Ub ligase-mediated polyubiquitination and degraded by the 26S proteasome.
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