Post-operative radiographic measures of pelvic limb alignment in dogs with medial patellar luxation after trochlear wedge recession versus trochlear block recession surgery.

Radka Stayova Garnoeva,Mihail Dimitrov Paskalev

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2021.1504-1510

Abstract

Background and Aim:Anatomical and mechanical femoral angles are quite different among dog breeds. Most published data are about large dog breeds, however, medial luxation of patella is more common in small breeds. Measures of pelvic limb alignment are important for outcome of patellar luxation surgery. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the values of anatomical and mechanical femoral and tibial angles in dogs before, immediately after, and 1 month after surgery for correction of medial patellar luxation (MPL).Materials and Methods:The study was conducted with 54 dogs (67 stifle joints) from four small breeds that underwent surgery by either trochlear block recession (36 stifle joints) or trochlear wedge recession (31 stifle joints) techniques.Results:In both trochleoplasty techniques, statistically significant differences in the values of the anatomical medial proximal femoral angle (aMPFA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), and femoral varus angle (in MPL Grade II) and of aMPFA and Q-angle (in MPL Grade III) were found out.Conclusion:After block recession surgery, more angles were positively influenced and this effect was more pronounced in patients with MPL Grade II.

Highlights

In human orthopedics, reference values of anatomical and mechanical angles of extremities are routinely used to evaluate the extent of bone deformities to select the proper surgical method to restore bone conformation [1]
Most published data are about large dog breeds [3,4], medial luxation of patella is more common in small breeds [5]
Postoperative femoral varus angle (FVA) and anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA) values were comparable to those measured in healthy joints of dogs from small breeds but only when the technique was used in joints with Grade II medial patellar luxation (MPL) [7,10]

Summary

Introduction

Reference values of anatomical and mechanical angles of extremities are routinely used to evaluate the extent of bone deformities to select the proper surgical method to restore bone conformation [1]. It should be remembered that anatomical and mechanical femoral angles are quite different among dog breeds [2,3]. Normal inclination femoral angle (IFA) ranges from 140.5° to 156.5° [3], while in small breeds from 128.4° to 130.4° [10]. Anatomical and mechanical femoral angles are quite different among dog breeds. Most published data are about large dog breeds, medial luxation of patella is more common in small breeds. The aim of the present study was to compare the values of anatomical and mechanical femoral and tibial angles in dogs before, immediately after, and 1 month after surgery for correction of medial patellar luxation (MPL)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion