Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction using the inflatable tissue expander.

Abstract

Breast reconstruction following mastectomy has previously relied on the insertion of a silicone gel implant or the use of a myocutaneous flap. We report the use of an innovation, the inflatable tissue expander, for both immediate and delayed breast reconstruction in 26 patients where soft tissue cover was inadequate to permit the use of the silicone implant. By serial inflation of the tissue expander with saline, sufficient tissue cover was achieved for a second operative placement of a silicone prosthesis of appropriate volume to match the normal breast. To date, 10 patients undergoing delayed reconstruction and 5 of 16 patients with immediate reconstruction have had their final prosthesis inserted, while 3 women are satisfied with the result of the expandable implant and desire no further surgery. Only two technical complications have arisen with loss of the expander in one patient who had had recent radiotherapy and in another the tissue expander was placed much too high on the chest wall. Mechanical failure occurred in three cases where disruption of the seam led to sudden deflation in two and a slow leak from the injection port developed in one. One patient also attempted self-inflation leading to deflation of the tissue expander. The cosmetic results were subjectively and objectively very good with capsular distortion present in only one case. We feel that the inflatable tissue expander is simple and safe to use, may be used for immediate reconstruction without compromising the ablative surgery and should be a choice available to general surgeons for providing safe and cosmetically acceptable reconstructive surgery.