Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of bananas (Musa x paradisiaca L.) Prata-anã and Nanica after application of exogenous ethylene (C2H4) during maturation. Bananas of Prata-anã cultivar were harvested 18 weeks after the anthesis (WAA) and those of Nanica cultivar with 13 WAA. After harvest, the fruits were submitted to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 applications of 15 mL of ethyl-5/m3 in refrigeration chambers at 15ºC and later stored at room temperature (24 to 28ºC) and refrigerated at 15°C for 10 days. Peel color, fresh weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids, total bark chlorophyll, total bark and pulp carotenoids were evaluated at 0, 3, 4, 7 and 10 days after harvest (DAH). The Assistat program was used in statistical analysis. Among the storage conditions, fruits kept under refrigeration had a longer shelf life. The Prata-anã cultivar was superior to Nanica, presenting maturation indexes ideal for transport and commercialization, evaluated for the interactions of storage temperature, ethylene (C2H4) applications and storage time. It was concluded that the banana Prata-anã requires 3 and Nanica 4 applications of ethyl, for the harvest with 18 and 13 weeks, respectively, in order to promote a fast and uniform maturation.
Highlights
The world banana production in 2014 reached 114.13 million tons, moving around US $ 40.45 billion (FAO, 2014)
The values for fruit peel coloration of Prata-anã and Nanica bananas when stored under ambient conditions were higher than those stored under refrigeration, and the color of Prata-anã cultivar was higher than the Nanica one, regardless of the storage condition (Figure 2A)
This behavior was expected because the bananas under ambient conditions (24 to 28oC) have the fastest metabolism because the temperature is higher than the refrigerated storage (15oC ± 1oC) and the Prata-anã cultivar was superior because it was harvested later (18 weeks after anthesis - weeks after the anthesis (WAA)) than Nanica (13 WAA)
Summary
The world banana production in 2014 reached 114.13 million tons, moving around US $ 40.45 billion (FAO, 2014). About 85% of world banana production is consumed in producing countries, while the remaining 15% is exported to developed countries, almost exclusively from the AAA genotype (Cavendish subgroup), which includes the cultivars Nanica, Nanicão and Grande Naine. From the not exported bananas, 25% are predominantly of the Cavendish subgroup and the other 75% consist of a wide range of various cultivars, which are highly locally valued. These local cultivars are under as much threat as the Cavendish subgroup, that receives little international publicity (DALE et al, 2017). With the saturation of the market in certain periods of the year, the price reduction occurs (SANTOS et al, 2017)
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