Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of the study was to determine the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of vertical and horizontal ground reaction force parameters during jumps and change of direction following flywheel squat exercise using two different flywheel inertias. (2) Methods: Eleven male athletes performed a countermovement jump (CMJ), standing broad jump (SBJ), and “modified 505” change of direction (COD) in a control condition and 6 minutes following three sets of six repetitions of flywheel half squats at one of two inertias (0.029 kg·m2 and 0.061 kg·m2). Peak directional ground reaction force, power, and rate of force development were calculated for each test. (3) Results: Higher inertia flywheel squats were able to acutely enhance CMJ peak vertical force (Bayes Factor (BF10) = 33.5, very strong; δ = 1.66; CI: 0.67, 2.70), whereas lower inertia flywheel squats were able to acutely enhance CMJ peak vertical power (BF10 = 3.65, moderate; δ = 0.93; CI: 0.11, 1.88). The vertical squat exercise induced no PAPE effect on resultant SBJ or horizontal COD ground reaction force parameters, nor were any differences observed between the inertias. (4) Conclusions: Researchers and practitioners should consider the kinetic and kinematic correspondence of a pre-load stimulus to the subsequent sport-specific activity (i.e., flywheel squat to CMJ).
Highlights
Post-activation potentiation is an acute improvement in muscular contractile performance following a pre-load stimulus such as a resistance exercise protocol of maximal or submaximal loads [1,2]
Meaningful post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effects were reported for countermovement jump (CMJ) peak force (BF10 = 294; extreme), CMJ peak power (BF10 = 7.12; moderate), and CMJ peak rate of force development (BF10 = 4.35; moderate)
No meaningful PAPE effects were reported for any standing broad jump (SBJ) or change of direction (COD) parameters
Summary
Post-activation potentiation is an acute improvement in muscular contractile performance following a pre-load stimulus such as a resistance exercise protocol of maximal or submaximal loads [1,2]. Previous research investigating PAPE reported acute improvements in lower limb performance following resistance exercise [4,7,8], while other studies have failed to confirm this [2,9]. These inconsistent results could relate to differences in pre-load protocol. The majority of studies evaluating the acute effects of pre-load exercise have used traditional weightlifting protocols [7,11], while evidence about PAPE following flywheel resistance exercise remains limited and superficial [4,12]
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