Abstract
In a country with a large and diverse population such as Indonesia, the waste problem is difficult to solve, especially in urban areas. The growth of the population in urban areas has been accompanied by their rapid development of infrastructure and industrial growth. The dynamic lifestyle of urban communities changes their consumption behavior to products that are more practical in packaging. There are fundamental things that arise in the waste management system in Indonesia, including limited waste management capacity in the regions, inadequate infrastructure, implementation of regulations, and a lack of public concern, including the manufacturing industry, on waste management issues. Through the approach of the concept of extended producer responsibility (EPR). However, EPR concept implementation in developing countries is still lacking, where the collection and recycling system has not been adequately addressed. On the other hand, the industrial sector does not yet have enough attention to expand its product responsibilities for the post-consumption stage. This article presents an overview of current practices of post-consumer packaging waste management through an extended producer responsibility mechanism in Indonesia. More specifically, this study focused on consumer goods manufacturing industries. Based on the literature study, various industrial efforts have been shown to adopt the EPR concept in handling its product packaging waste.
Highlights
Solid waste management has become a major concern for many urban managers around the world, including in Indonesia, a country with a high population density
The scientific literature on plastic waste is extensive and most of them describe plastic management technology; no comprehensive review was carried out to assess the role of producer responsibility in managing their packaging waste, which was the main focus of this article
To replace the end of pipe approach, the government implemented the 3R principle approach, extended producer responsibility (EPR), processing and utilizing waste into resources, both as raw material and a source of renewable energy, The policy on EPR has been mandated in Law Number 18 of 2008 regarding Solid Waste Management, in Article 1 which reads: "Producers are required to manage packaging and/or the goods they produce which cannot or are difficult to decompose by natural processes"
Summary
Solid waste management has become a major concern for many urban managers around the world, including in Indonesia, a country with a high population density. Solid waste management in Indonesia is primarily caused by the high volume of waste products, the limited capacity of final disposal sites, waste management technology cost, and lack of public awareness that can bring new problems such as water pollution and flood disaster. Based on the 2018 Environmental Indifference Index, the most indifference of Indonesians to the environment is in the dimension of waste management, compared to indifference to the energy management, water-saving, or public transportation dimensions. The high level of indifference to waste management is shown by the behavior of households in Indonesia in terms of waste handling. More than half of households in Indonesia use environmentally unfriendly methods when managing waste. Public ignorance is reflected in behavior towards plastic waste, as many as 81.4% of people do not care about plastic waste [11]
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