Abstract
Purpose: Cardiac surgery is associated with a postoperative inflammatory response. The causative mechanisms are postulated to be due to surgical trauma, blood contact with the inner surfaces of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, and lung reperfusion injury. The inflammatory cascade after surgery can be clinically seen with postoperative fevers, leukocytosis and neutrophilia, which can result in end organ dysfunction and arrhythmias. There have been investigations into the molecular and immune basis of this reaction, which is thought to involve neutrophil priming and inflammatory cascade activation. There have been effects to investigate ways of blunting the inflammatory response to surgery, including leukodepletion and alteration to components of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit.
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