Possible viral oncolysis by members of the Reoviridae and Paramyxoviridae families (an in vitro study).

Abstract

e14212 Background: Our purpose was to study possible oncolytic activity of Newcastle disease virus and reovirus in different tumor cell cultures in vitro. Methods: The study was performed on LaSota strain Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine (OOO NPP AVIVAK, 5000 doses) and human reovirus strains R-92 (3 serotype) deposited in the State collection of viruses of the Research Institute of Virology named after. D.I.Ivanovsky. HeLa (cervical cancer), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma), BT20 (breast cancer), PC3 (prostate cancer), HT29 (colon cancer) cell lines were used; pig embryo kidney cell culture (PEVKC) was used as a positive control. Results: After Newcastle disease virus was placed in the medium with tumor cell lines, a 5-day visual microscopic control of the cell morphology did not show signs of the cytopathic action, while a complete lysis of cell biomass was observed in the positive control (PEKC) by the third day. After the incubation with reovirus, the oncolytic activity was registered already in 24 hours: partial or complete destruction of the monolayer, decreased cell adhesion (only solitary cellular conglomerates remained at the bottom of vials), changes in the typical cell appearance. The complete cytopathogenic effect was observed after 2 days. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a marked lytic effect of reovirus in vitro, as well as varying sensitivity of the studied tumor lines to it, which may depend on their molecular genetic characteristics, for example on the RAS mutation status. Despite ambiguous results, we consider it expedient to continue the studies of these and other viruses in tumor models both in vitro and in vivo.