Abstract
The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of mechanical and electrical treatment on the electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions. Solutions were treated mechanically by iteration of two steps: 1:100 dilution and vigorous shaking. These two processes were repeated until extremely dilute solutions were obtained. For electrical treatment the solutions were exposed to strong electrical impulses. Effects of mechanical (as well as electrical) treatment could not be demonstrated using electrical conductivity measurements. However, significantly higher conductivity than those of the freshly prepared chemically analogous solutions was found in all aged solutions except for those samples stored frozen. The results surprisingly resemble a previously observed weak gel-like behavior in water stored in closed flasks. We suggest that ions and contact with hydrophilic glass surfaces could be the determinative conditions for the occurrence of this phenomenon.
Highlights
It is generally thought that the impact of surfaces on the continuous phase of bulk water extends to a distance of no more than a few water molecule layers
The cause for excess conductivities in aged aqueous solutions are the autothixotropic properties of water that develop spontaneously when water is left to stand undisturbed for some time
In accordance with Holandino et al, but in contrast to Elia’s findings, previous treatment by mechanical shaking and repetitive dilution to extremely dilute solutions performed in our laboratory had no significant influence on the conductivity of aged solutions
Summary
It is generally thought that the impact of surfaces on the continuous phase of bulk water extends to a distance of no more than a few water molecule layers. NMR and IR images indicate that EZ water has lower mobility and is more ordered than bulk water [2,3]. According to Guckenberger and coworkers [4], the thin water layer next to a hydrophilic surface exhibits a surprisingly increased conductivity, higher than that of bulk water by up to five orders of magnitude. They ascribed the increased conductivity to a proton hopping mechanism along water structured at the surfaces. Sasaki [5] found that conductivity of collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, depends remarkably on the amount of hydration water
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