Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the protective role of kefir and insulin consumption on cellular activities, histochemical components, histological architecture, and integrity of the liver by measuring IL-6 and TNF-α in high fat-fed STZ- induced diabetic male Wistar rats. From a cell biological and histochemical point of view, both kefir and insulin have beneficial various effects on cellular activities and the histochemical components such as DNA, RNA, total protein, collagen, polysaccharides, and phospholipids materials synthesis in the examined normal and diabetic hepatocytes of the male rats. Biochemically, kefir and insulin have various biochemical effects on the serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels. From a pathological point of view, we can say the beneficial various cell biological and histochemical effects of kefir, pathologically may make kefir, to some extent, completely repair all the pathological side effects of type1 diabetes on the hepatocytes in diabetic rats. Also, insulin repair some of the pathological side effects of diabetes on the hepatocytes. The positive results of using kefir and insulin in treating the pathogen effects of diabetes make it possible to obtain positive clinical applications/implications. Therefore, these positive results encourage us to continue working and complete the various long-term pre-clinical trials and clinical trials phases.
Highlights
Obesity is considered the leading risk factor for various metabolic disorders and chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, stroke, coronary heart disease, and diverse cancers (Nyberg et al, 2018).Abdel-Baset M
There are improvements that dairy foods and the important nutrients they contain— namely, calcium, vitamin D, and potassium are linked to reduced risk of heart disease; type2diabetes; and metabolic syndrome, which is led to obesity and diabetes (Lichtenstein et al, 2006)
Adult rats were kept in Lab Animal Research Facility (LARF) building, University of Idaho, University of Alabama (USA), under observation for 1 week before experimentation to exclude any intercurrent infection and to acclimatize the animals to the new conditions
Summary
Obesity is considered the leading risk factor for various metabolic disorders and chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, stroke, coronary heart disease, and diverse cancers (Nyberg et al, 2018).Abdel-Baset M. Obesity is considered the leading risk factor for various metabolic disorders and chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, stroke, coronary heart disease, and diverse cancers (Nyberg et al, 2018). Aref et al. Diabetes mellitus, defined by elevated glycemic markers, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the most common cause of death among adults with diabetes mellitus (Go et al, 2013). There are improvements that dairy foods and the important nutrients they contain— namely, calcium, vitamin D, and potassium are linked to reduced risk of heart disease; type2diabetes; and metabolic syndrome, which is led to obesity and diabetes (Lichtenstein et al, 2006). Millions of cases could be prevented by including dietary modification to functional nutrition, which is a primary option for preventing metabolic disturbances and for reducing undesirable outcomes in DM (Pasin and Comerford, 2015; Astrup, 2014)
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