Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the possible migration of polymethylmethacrylate after injections in various corporal compartments of Wistar rats. Methods. The experimental work consisted in the injection of PMMA in corporal compartments for later histopathological analysis of the locations of implants and of distant filtering organs. The dose applied in each implant was of 0.2 mL. The animals were divided into groups according to the location of the implant realized: group GB had intradermic injections in the glabella. Group SD had subdermal injections in dorsal subcutaneous tissue cells. Group IP had intraperitoneal injections in the abdomen. Group PD had intramuscular injections in the right rear leg. The rats were sacrificed 30 days after realization of the implants and tissue samples from the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney, and locations of implantation were removed for histopathological analysis. Results. Characteristic microspheres that were compatible with the presence of PMMA in any of the histological slides analyzed were not observed. One animal had an amorphous exogenous substance, with a histiocytic reaction. Twelve of the 16 lungs analyzed had locations of intraalveolar hemorrhaging. Two animals had nonspecific spleen alterations. Conclusion. The histopathological analysis of this study found no PMMA microspheres in any of the tissues analyzed.
Highlights
In recent years for either aesthetic or reconstructive purposes, a diversity of materials has been used as dermal fillers
The experimental work consisted in the injection of PMMA in corporal compartments for later histopathological analysis of the locations of implants and of distant filtering organs
The rats were sacrificed 30 days after realization of the implants and tissue samples from the lung, liver, spleen, and kidney, and locations of implantation were removed for histopathological analysis
Summary
In recent years for either aesthetic or reconstructive purposes, a diversity of materials has been used as dermal fillers. Inert materials tested for injectable microimplants include polymerized silicon, which began to be used in 1940, [4] with the high risk of complications. Others such as hyaluronic acid, fat grafts, and collagen are substances quite commonly used today, but whose results have limited duration [7]. PMMA was discovered and synthesized in 1902, by Otto Rohm, and was patented as Plexiglass in 1928. It has been used in medicine since 1945 and has a variety of applications including bone cement and others [2]
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