Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) is a lysophospholipid, its generating enzyme, phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1), reportedly plays roles in stomach and colon cancers. Here, we examined the potential roles of LysoPS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The ninety-seven HCC patients who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled in this study and approved by the institutional review board. Among LysoPS-related enzymes and receptors, increased PS-PLA1 or LysoPS receptor 1 (LPS1) mRNA was observed in HCC tissues compared to non-HCC tissues. PS-PLA1 mRNA in HCC was associated with no clinical parameters, while LPS1 mRNA in HCC was correlated inversely with tumor differentiation. Furthermore, higher serum PS-PLA1 was observed in HCC patients compared to healthy control and correlated with PS-PLA1 mRNA in non-HCC tissues and with serum AST or ALT. Additionally, serum levels of PS-PLA1 were higher in HCC patients with HCV-related liver injury than in those with HBV or non-HBV-, non-HCV-related liver diseases. In conclusion, among LysoPS-related enzymes and receptors, PS-PLA1 and LPS1 mRNA were increased in HCC. Based on the correlation between the serum PS-PLA1 and the mRNA level of PS-PLA1 in non-HCC tissues, the liver may be the main source of serum PS-PLA1, and serum PS-PLA1 levels may be a useful marker for liver injury.
Highlights
Over the last two decades, lysophospholipids (LPLs) have been studied widely as biologically active molecules that play multiple roles in carcinogenesis, neurogenesis, vascular development and immunity[1,2,3,4]
The increased mRNA levels of a generating enzyme, Phosphatidylserine specific-phospholipase A1 (PS-PLA1), and a receptor (LPS1) of LysoPS were observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared to non-HCC tissues
We examined the potential relationships between the mRNA levels of PS-PLA1 or LysoPS receptor 1 (LPS1) in HCC and its clinical parameters
Summary
Over the last two decades, lysophospholipids (LPLs) have been studied widely as biologically active molecules that play multiple roles in carcinogenesis, neurogenesis, vascular development and immunity[1,2,3,4]. The evidence has been relatively scarce showing the actions and the clinical roles of other LPLs, such as lysophosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), lysophosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylethanolamine or lysophosphatidylcholine Among these LPLs, we have been paying attention to LysoPS, the binding receptors of which were recently identified as LPS1 (GPR34), LPS2 (P2Y10) and LPS3 (GPR174) in humans and LPS2L (A630033H20 or LPS2-like receptor) in rodents[8,9]. We have reported that the serum levels of PS-PLA1 are higher in melanoma subjects and associated with its clinical stages[24] Because these lines of evidence may suggest a role for LysoPS in cancer, we sought to examine the potential involvement of LysoPS in the pathophysiology of HCC
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