Possible existence of Bose–Einstein condensate compact stars

Abstract

In this paper, we have model a compact star model composed of Bose–Einstein Condensate (BEC) matter that satisfy a polytropic equation of state (EoS) with γ=2 and a specific density profile. Then we tested the model through various physical criteria like non-singular pressure and density, energy conditions, causality condition etc. Further, we have checked the stability through Bondi criterion, hydrostatic equilibrium and static stability criterion. The stiffness of the EoS, stability, adiabatic index and Mmax depends upon a single parameter k. As k increases, the central Γ decreases near 4/3 and the compactness increases closer to 4/9 while the mass that can hold when increasing central density due to radial perturbation decreases, implies that the system will undergo gravitational collapse sooner if k increases. We have also found that this new category of compact star also follows that constraints provided by GW 170817 event. Hence, this work put forward the possibility of different category of compact star composed of BEC matters that can mimic neutron stars.