Abstract
The magnetic phase transition at the Gd(0001) surface is found to be strongly dependent on the presence of an external magnetic field during cooling across the surface critical temperature ${T}_{C,s}$. Surface enhanced magnetic order on Gd(0001), present at up to 22 K above the bulk Curie temperature ${T}_{C,b}$ can be almost quenched if cooling is performed under zero magnetic field conditions. These observations are found on the surface of bulklike epitaxial, remanently magnetized Gd(0001) films probed with spin-polarized low-energy electron diffraction. In connection with recent theoretical work of Sanchez and Mor\'an-Lopez, who predict magnetic-field-dependent surface first-order phase transitions on close-packed (111) surfaces of fcc spin-\textonehalf{} Ising ferromagnets, the above observations provide perhaps evidence for the existence of surface first-order phase transitions on the hcp(0001) surface of Gd.
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