Abstract
In this paper, we compare model calculations of ozone profiles and their variability for the period 1998 to 2016 with satellite and lidar profiles at five ground-based stations. Under the investigation is the temporal impact of the stratospheric halogen reduction (chemical processes) and increase in greenhouse gases (i.e., global warming) on stratospheric ozone changes. Attention is given to the effect of greenhouse gases on ultraviolet-B radiation at ground level. Our chemistry transport and chemistry climate models (Oslo CTM3 and EMAC CCM) indicate that (a) the effect of halogen reduction is maximized in ozone recovery at 1–7 hPa and observed at all lidar stations; and (b) significant impact of greenhouse gases on stratospheric ozone recovery is predicted after the year 2050. Our study indicates that solar ultraviolet-B irradiance that produces DNA damage would increase after the year 2050 by +1.3% per decade. Such change in the model is driven by a significant decrease in cloud cover due to the evolution of greenhouse gases in the future and an insignificant trend in total ozone. If our estimates prove to be true, then it is likely that the process of climate change will overwhelm the effect of ozone recovery on UV-B irradiance in midlatitudes.
Highlights
Depletion and recovery of stratospheric ozone and climate change affect solar ultraviolet (UV)radiation [1]
Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone were compared for the period of 1998–2016, from observations and model simulations
Trends from CTM3 simulations show excellent agreement with those measured by SBUV and lidars in the upper stratosphere, except at Mauna Loa, where the lidar data show negative trends
Summary
Depletion and recovery of stratospheric ozone and climate change affect solar ultraviolet (UV)radiation [1]. Depletion and recovery of stratospheric ozone and climate change affect solar ultraviolet (UV). Changes in stratospheric ozone depend strongly on the evolution of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). ODS are anthropogenic halogen-source gases composed of chlorine and bromine atoms that are entrained in the stratosphere in the tropics, transported through Brewer–Dobson circulation to the middle and high latitudes. They destroy stratospheric ozone globally [2]. The emissions of anthropogenic halogens are controlled by the Montreal Protocol, which was adopted on 15 September 1987, with the aim to eliminate the anthropogenic substances that deplete the ozone layer. The total chlorine and bromine amounts (natural and anthropogenic) peaked in 1993 and 1998, respectively, and had declined in 2016 by 10% and 11%, respectively
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
