Abstract
Paper specifies the wood-framed with sheathing construction including phases of realization and exploitation. Methods of investigation based on practice and theory has been employed where practical identification of processes and their phases were presented with theoretical description of structure deformation within the exploitation period. Obtained results of investigations are presented in the form of technologic and mechanic of structure diagrams for buildings with adequate algorithms of analysis. Paper presents practical systematic of construction stages, technological problems and hazards in respect of loading and construction technology with method of computation of vertical deformations of building. Paper presents evaluation of contribution of wood defects in response to loading in the wood-framed residential building in exploitation process. Location of knots, allocation of pith in the elements cross section, defects of slope of grain and influence of moisture decreasing is examined in the paper. The wood-framed with sheathing in the form of large panel or modular three dimensional 3D elements are the most often used technology. This kind of buildings are actually constructed up to four story as a multifamily or varying universal buildings like school, kid-garden or offices. Low dead load from 0.30 to 1.00 kN/m2 and its favorable proportion to the live load increase energy saving factor in realization and within the exploitation time. Low own weight of structure enables complete prefabrication of wall, floor and roof panels, improving quality of construction and shortening time of construction. Process of prefabrication, wide assortment and variety of factory production does not require time consuming processes and complicated moulds or shuttering indispensable in precast RC structural elements.
Highlights
Light wood-framed with sheathing buildings represent significant percent of residential and small commercial construction realized in several European countries
New technology when lower class lumber, development of technology permitting use of boards manufactured on the base of low quality wood, use of glulam (GL) and cross laminated timber (CLT), expanded possibility of use timber in varying sectors of building construction
Paper examines influence of shrinkage on static behavior of timber structure, some results of wood defects in the form of knots are considered with their influence on selected roof structural elements in the wood-framed residential building
Summary
Light wood-framed with sheathing buildings represent significant percent of residential and small commercial construction realized in several European countries. Cutting across the tree stem, it is exposed the open ends of thousands of cells (Karacabeyli, Desjardins 2011; Schickhofer, Thiel 2011) This end grain absorbs (or releases) water much more quickly than the other wood surfaces, which can have important implications for trying to keep wood dry and protected from decay and insects. The moisture content changes below the fiber saturation point cause lost of bound water and adequate changes of wood volume. With moisture content changes below the fiber saturation point, bound water is lost and volume of wood changes occur. Increase in moisture content in hygroscopic ran ge cause lost of timber strength; in the capillary range (above the fiber saturation point), influence on strength is low and strength is almost unchanged. Compressive strength significantly depends on water content comparing to tensile strength
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