Abstract
BackgroundThe association between ABCC8 gene C49620T polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in populations of diverse ethnic backgrounds has been reported. However, such occurrence in an African population is yet to be established. This case-control study involving 73 T2D and 75 non-diabetic (ND) patients investigated the occurrence of this polymorphism among T2D patients in Nigeria and assessed its relationship with body lipids of patients.MethodsDemographic and clinical characteristics of patients were collected and lipid profile indices including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were assayed. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR (RFLP-PCR) was employed to genotype the ABCC8-C49620T polymorphism using PstI restriction enzyme.ResultsThis study revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence of the T allele of the ABCC8 gene in T2D patients (33.1%) compared to ND patients (28.0%). The mutant TT genotype was also higher than the CC and CT genotypes in T2D patients compared to ND patients but did not show any significant risk (p>0.05) of T2D for the unadjusted codominant, dominant and recessive models. Following age adjustment, the mutant genotypes (CT and TT) showed significant (p<0.05) risk of T2D for all the models with the recessive model presenting the greatest risk of T2D (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.16-4.91, p<0.018). The TT genotype significantly (p<0.05) associated with high level of HDL and reduced levels of TC, TG and LDL in non-diabetic patients but was not associated with any of the demographic and clinical characteristics among T2D patients.ConclusionsABCC8 C49620T polymorphism showed possible association with T2D marked by predominance of the mutant TT genotype in T2D patients. However, the relationship between TT genotype and lipid abnormalities for possible beneficial effect on people suffering from T2D is unclear.
Highlights
The association between ABCC8 gene C49620T polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in populations of diverse ethnic backgrounds has been reported
In total, 73 T2D patients and 75 ND patients were recruited for the study
The homozygote CC and heterozygote CT genotypes were more prevalent in ND patients compared with T2D patients while the homozygote mutant TT genotype showed greater prevalence in T2D patients compared to ND patients
Summary
The association between ABCC8 gene C49620T polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in populations of diverse ethnic backgrounds has been reported. Such occurrence in an African population is yet to be established. According to WHO, the global prevalence of the disease has risen from 108 million in the 1980s to a current figure of 422 million [2] This increasing prevalence is becoming more prominent in middle or low income countries and T2D accounts for about 90% of all cases of diabetes [1]. T2D is a complex metabolic disease involving defective carbohydrates and lipids metabolism This disease is characterized by high level of blood glucose due to impaired secretion of insulin and/or insulin resistance [3]. SUR1 is the site where sulfonylurea proteins bind to trigger insulin secretion and it is coded by the ATP binding cassette, subfamily C, member 8 (ABCC8) gene
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