Possible ameliorative effect of nano-chocolate fortified with zinc on the hepatic and testicular toxicity induced by cadmium on male Swiss albino mice: histopathological and histomorphometrical studies

Sherin Ramadan Hamad

doi:10.1186/s41936-019-0097-z

Abstract

BackgroundCadmium, as industrial pollutants considered as one of the most toxic environmental and most harmful heavy metals, was able to induce severe injury in several tissues.ResultsIntraperitoneal injection of cadmium (1.5 mg/kg bw) induced histopathological alterations in the architecture of both hepatic and testicular tissues as revealed by light microscope. It also induced histomorphometrical changes in the hepatic tissues, represented by a highly significant decrease in the area of hepatocyte; in the nucleus and ratio of nuclear/cytoplasm with a highly significant increase in the area of central vein; and in the testicular tissues with a highly significant decrease in the numbers of Leydig cells, height of germinal epithelium, and diameter of seminiferous tubule. Orally administrated of nano-chocolate fortified with zinc (200 mg/kg) resulted in marked improvement of the histopathological alterations and histomorphometrical changes induced by injection of cadmium in both the hepatic and the testicular tissues.ConclusionOral administration of nano-chocolate fortified with zinc could suppress the toxicity of cadmium and combat tissue injury.

Highlights

Cadmium, as industrial pollutants considered as one of the most toxic environmental and most harmful heavy metals, was able to induce severe injury in several tissues
Hepatic tissues consisted of hepatic lobules, which consisted from cords of hepatic cells and radiated from the central vein to periphery of the lobule
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the hepatic and testicular ameliorative effect of nano-chocolate fortified with zinc cadmium against the toxicity of cadmium in Swiss albino mice, using histopathological examination and histomorphometrical analysis

Summary

Introduction

As industrial pollutants considered as one of the most toxic environmental and most harmful heavy metals, was able to induce severe injury in several tissues. Cadmium is widely spread in the environment and is considered the most toxic environmental and industrial pollutant. Cadmium has highly soluble nature, so plants absorb and store it in crops for food and feed production (Sarwar et al, 2010). It is recorded as the most harmful heavy metal to humans and aquatic organisms (Cinar, 2003; Kaplan, Yildirim, Yildirim, & Cimen, 2011). Ibrahim et al (2018) stated that cadmium administration resulted in hepatic and renal damage as detected by histopathological investigations

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