Possibilities of metonymy in the designation of a person in colloquial speech

Abstract

The article analyzes functions of lexical metonymy in colloquial speech and explores actual aspects of this issue that are caused by the history of the study of this phenomenon in linguistic literature. The aim of this article is to research manifestations of metonymy mechanism in colloquial speech recordings. The article analyzes models of person nominating by communicative and cognitive approach in different fields of communication: everyday, professional, educational and others. Since a person is the main object of nomination in colloquial speech, various transfer models are used for its metonymic designation. The article analyzes model capacious receptacle, models of subject-object relations (function (action) the carrier of this function (figure); object of activity (action) the figure; instrument of activity (action) the figure) and model the sign of a person is the carrier of this sign. The article demonstrates wide possibilities of multidimensional person characteristics by metonymy, notes the ability of metonymy to accentuate a distinctive feature of a person that is most significant for speakers in this denotative and communicative situation. The article emphasizes the mass distribution of occasional lexical metonymy in various areas of the use of colloquial speech.