Abstract
The possibility of effective control of selected dams in the Noteć Bystra river is analyzed. Such a control is expected to permit inundation of selected arable areas, e.g., peat grasslands, to avoid flooding of the city of Czarnków and the terrains located downstream. The chosen case study is the reach of the Noteć River between the dams Pianowka–Mikolajewo–Rosko. The analysis was made on the basis of simulations of the flow and regulation of dams in flood conditions. The flow peaks of hypothetical flood waves were designed according to the directions of the ISOK project (Informatyczny System Osłony Kraju przed nadzwyczajnymi zagrożeniami—IT System of the Country’s Protection Against Extreme Hazards) as the maximum flows over 10-years (p = 10%), 100-years (p = 1%), and 500-years (p = 0.2%). The obtained results are presented as longitudinal profiles of the water surface, maps of inundated areas and maps of inundated soils. The main conclusion is that the robust control of dams reduces the peak of flow during flood wave propagation and forces inundation of the a priori selected areas. It helps to decrease the spatial range of the flood hazard and significantly reduces risk related to floods.
Highlights
Flood losses have become an increasingly frequent phenomena [1,2,3,4,5] and flood hazard depends on two factors
The flood hazard zones constructed on the basis of data that are available at the ISOK project web page [50] were compared with flood hazard zones simulated in Variant I
The potential influence of the Notec River on the surrounding areas has been analyzed by hydrodynamic simulation supported with geographic information system (GIS) tools
Summary
Flood losses have become an increasingly frequent phenomena [1,2,3,4,5] and flood hazard depends on two factors. Efficient decision support systems should permit analysis of weather forecasts as well as analysis of watershed outflow generation Such a system should support determination of reservoir decision rules on the basis of all available information including reservoir capacity and current amount of water stored [23,24]. This study shows that the water infrastructure (weirs and dams) located in rivers could be effectively used for water management including flood protection as well as for regulation and control of seasonal inundation at floodplain areas. The GIS systems were used for visualization of the flood hazard spread They include tools enabling the analysis of flood risk and identification of possible catastrophes [35,36]. The existing maps developed for basic conditions without control of dams are compared with maps prepared for the conditions imposed by the control concepts applied
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