Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in predicting the histological classification of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsPET/MRI radiomics and clinical data were retrospectively collected from 61 patients with lung cancer. According to the pathological results of surgery or fiberscope, patients were divided into two groups, lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma group, which were set as positive for adenocarcinoma (40 cases) and negative for squamous cell carcinoma (21 cases). The radiomics characteristics most related to lung cancer classification were calculated and selected using radiomics software, and the two lung cancer groups were randomly assigned into a training set (70%) and a test set (30%). Maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods in the uAI Research Portal software (United Imaging Intelligence, China) were used to select the desired characteristics from 2600 features extracted from MRI and PET. Eight optimal features were finally retained through 5-fold cross-validation, and a PET/MRI fusion model was constructed. The predictive ability of this model was evaluated by the difference in area under the curve (AUC) obtained from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsAUC of PET/MRI model for the training group and test group were 0.886 (0.787-0.985) and 0.847 (0.648-1.000), respectively. PET/MRI radiomics features revealed different degrees of correlation with the classification of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with significant differences.ConclusionThe prediction model constructed based on PET/MRI radiomics features can predict the preoperative histological classification of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma without seminality and repeatability. It can also provide an objective basis for accurate clinical diagnosis and individualized treatment, thus having important guiding significance for clinical treatment.
Highlights
In 2020, there were 19.29 million new cancer cases and 9.96 million cancer-related deaths worldwide, among which lung cancer accounted for 2.2 million (11.4%) and 1.8 million (18%), respectively
This study aimed to find new radiomics quantitative parameters for histological classification of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma based on PET/MRI radiomics method, construct a prediction model, and explore the diagnostic value of this technique in predicting the classification of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma without seminality
A total of 61 patients with lung adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by surgery or puncture, including 40 with lung adenocarcinoma and 21 with squamous cell carcinoma, who were initially diagnosed by PET/MRI examination in Hangzhou Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center between October 2018 and August 2021 were retrospectively included in the study
Summary
In 2020, there were 19.29 million new cancer cases and 9.96 million cancer-related deaths worldwide, among which lung cancer accounted for 2.2 million (11.4%) and 1.8 million (18%), respectively. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer have been further improved by the integration of radiomics, molecular biology, clinical and other disciplines. With the progress of imaging technology and the continuous development of drugs, especially the popularization and application of PET/CT and PET/MRI molecular radiomics technology, the performance level of clinical diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of lung cancer have been greatly advanced. For the staging of breast cancer, compared to PET/CT, PET/MRI can better distinguish the invasion of chest wall, diaphragm and mediastinum/distant soft tissues, which affected the TMN staging. As the fusion radiomics can determine the accurate location of the lesion and the anatomical relationship with the surrounding tissues, it has obvious advantages in determining the biological target area for lung cancer radiotherapy and formulating the extent of surgical resection. In the treatment of lung cancer, PET/MRI can be used for early observation of the tumor’s response to treatment, timely adjustment and optimization of the treatment plan, avoidance of ineffective treatment or toxic side effects, gaining treatment time for patients, improving the therapeutic effect, prolonging the survival time of patients and improving the quality of life
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