Abstract
A systematic literature review was conducted to assess the utility of Positive Youth Development (PYD) concepts in promoting positive sexual health behaviors in young minority adolescents ( n = 12 studies). Interventions reported significant associations between PYD-focused interventions and ever having sex, sexual partners in the last 30 days, using protection at the last sexual encounter, and decreased pregnancy rates. Outcomes were reviewed by age, gender, PYD constructs, cultural tailoring of interventions, and retention rates. Few interventions focused exclusively on young minority adolescents. PYD can be an effective tool in promoting sexual health in younger minority adolescents, but additional research is needed to determine beneficial strategies for this age group and timing of interventions. Recommendations for future studies include additional guidance on operationalization of PYD concepts, effective cultural tailoring methods, dosage of intervention components, and de-linking minority status from socioeconomic status (SES) and high-risk behaviors.
Highlights
While teen birth rates in the United States have steadily declined since the 1950s (Martin, Hamilton, Osterman, Curtin, & Mathews, 2013), rates in the United States remain higher than most other developed countries (Hamilton & Ventura, 2012)
Positive Youth Development (PYD) programs can have a positive impact on adolescent sexual health, especially when it is delivered in a supportive atmosphere, involves positive adult role models, and provides affirmative opportunities and experiences to the adolescent (Catalano et al, 2004; Gavin, Catalano, David-Ferdon, et al, 2010)
The present review focused on the PYD components that impact young minority adolescents
Summary
While teen birth rates in the United States have steadily declined since the 1950s (Martin, Hamilton, Osterman, Curtin, & Mathews, 2013), rates in the United States remain higher than most other developed countries (Hamilton & Ventura, 2012). Decreases in teen birth rates have not been evenly distributed. Decreases in birth rates have primarily occurred in older adolescents, with rates largely unchanged for youth ages 10 to years old (Martin et al, 2013). In 2012, the teen birth rate for to 19 years olds was 29.4 per 1,000 females of that age range, which was a 6% decrease from 2011. When examined across a larger age range (11-19 years old), teen birth rates increased with age. Birth rates were not as high for 10 to 14 year olds, the notable increases with age emphasize the importance of delaying the onset of sexual activity and preventing pregnancy in the 10 to 14 age range
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