Positive Psychological Factors are Linked to Successful Cognitive Aging Among Older Persons Living with HIV/AIDS.

Abstract

We aimed to characterize successful cognitive aging (SCA) among older HIV-infected (HIV+) and HIV-uninfected (HIV-) adults, and to determine associations with positive psychological factors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Ninety-nine HIV+and 46 HIV- older adults (≥50years) completed measures of neurocognition, positive psychological factors, and HRQoL. Using study-defined SCA criteria (i.e., no cognitive or everyday impairment or major depressive disorder), we compared positive psychological factors and HRQoL across four groups: HIV+/SCA+, HIV+/SCA-, HIV-/SCA+, HIV-/SCA-. SCA was identified in 29% of the HIV+sample compared to 61% of the HIV- sample (p<0.01). HIV+/SCA+ participants had higher scores on 8 of 10 measures of positive psychological factors as well as better HRQoL (ps<0.05) as compared to the HIV+/SCA- group. Furthermore, the HIV+/SCA+participants had comparable scores on these factors as HIV- adults. Fewer HIV+than HIV- participants met SCA criteria; however, the level of positive psychological factors among the HIV+/SCA+group was comparable to the HIV- sample. Our findings present opportunities for interventions to optimize positive psychological factors and potentially improve SCA among older HIV+adults.