Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the Parents Plus Adolescents Programme (PPAP)—a parent training course specifically targeting parents of young adolescents (aged 11–16 years)—when delivered as a preventative programme in community school settings.MethodsA sample of 126 parents (mean age of children = 12.34 years; range = 10–16 years) were randomly assigned to either a treatment (PPAP; n = 82) or a waiting-list control condition (WC; n = 44). Analyses are based on a study-completer sample post-treatment (n = 109 parents: PPAP n = 70; WC n = 39) and sample at 6 month follow up (n = 42 parents).ResultsBoth post-treatment (between groups) and 6-month follow-up comparisons of study completers (within PPAP group) revealed significant positive effects of the parenting intervention with respect to adolescent behaviour problems and parenting stress. The post treatment comparisons demonstrated large effect sizes on global measures of child difficulties (partial eta squared = 0.15) and self-reported parent stress (partial eta squared = 0.22); there was a moderate effect size on the self-reported parent satisfaction (partial eta squared = 0.13).ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that PPAP may be an effective model of parent-training implemented in a community-based setting. The strengths and limitations of the study are discussed.
Highlights
Introduction to course Positive communicationGetting to know your teenager Communicating rules positively Connecting with your teenager Communicating rules positively Encouraging your teenager Using consequences Listening to your teenager Having a discipline plan Empowering teenagers Dealing with conflict and aggression Problem solving with young people Dealing with specific issues Dealing with specific issues Parental self-care Closing and course evaluation adolescence
Preliminary analyses Results of independent samples t tests and Chi squared analyses on parent and child demographic characteristics at study entry showed no significant differences between the Parents Plus Adolescents Programme (PPAP) and waiting-list control condition (WC) groups at study entry for any variable
Independent-samples t tests revealed no significant difference in scores between the two groups for any of the measures administered to participants at Time 1, with the exception of the Emotional Symptoms subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), where the mean score for the PPAP group (M = 3.93, SD = 2.41) was found to be significantly higher than the WC group (M = 2.56, SD = 2.10)
Summary
Introduction to course Positive communicationGetting to know your teenager Communicating rules positively Connecting with your teenager Communicating rules positively Encouraging your teenager Using consequences Listening to your teenager Having a discipline plan Empowering teenagers Dealing with conflict and aggression Problem solving with young people Dealing with specific issues Dealing with specific issues Parental self-care Closing and course evaluation adolescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Parents Plus Adolescents Programme (PPAP)—a parent training course targeting parents of young adolescents (aged 11–16 years)—when delivered as a preventative programme in community school settings. Research has shown that poor parenting skills These outcomes include behavioural and emotional problems [9], externalising and internalising behaviours [7], and decreased cognitive and academic development [10]. Poor parenting skills have been linked with poorer self-regulation in children
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