Abstract
Familial longevity is characterized by beneficial metabolic phenotype in lipid metabolism and APOE genetic variation. Although effects of lipid metabolism and the genetic basis for human longevity remain largely unclear, the contribution of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and APOE ε2 allele has been repeatedly demonstrated. This study was designed to determine whether ApoE isoforms and HDL-C levels marked the familial longevity status in an offspring cohort with the age range of 20-89 years old and subsequently to explore the correlation between these two markers and the aging. In the Bama Aging Study (BAS), we recruited 312 offspring from longevity historical families and 298 controls from non-longevity historical families. Information on APOE genotype frequencies, lipid levels, and population characteristics were recorded. No evidence was found to support the association of APOE genotypes with HDL-C and age. HDL-C was significantly higher in longevity group (p < 0.0001). Scatter plot showed a moderately strong linear relationship between the HDL-C level and age in longevity group (r = 0.213, p < 0.001). We conclude that the variation of the APOE gene may not influence familial longevity status at a certain age but the moderate-high HDL-C level contributes to the familial longevity in Bama.
Highlights
We conclude that the variation of the APOE gene may not influence familial longevity status at a certain age but the moderate-high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level contributes to the familial longevity in Bama
The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and longevity was initially suggested by Glueck et al in 1975 [1], and this was followed by the Long Life Family Study (LLFS) in US, which showed that the proband and offspring had higher HDL-C levels and lower cardiovascular risk factors as compared to normal individuals [2]
We found that total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were lower in APOE ε2 carriers compared with ε2 non-carriers
Summary
The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and longevity was initially suggested by Glueck et al in 1975 [1], and this was followed by the Long Life Family Study (LLFS) in US, which showed that the proband and offspring had higher HDL-C levels and lower cardiovascular risk factors as compared to normal individuals [2]. The presence of other traditional CVD risk factors [6, 7] It still remains controversial whether the high HDLC is reliable indicator of longevity. The APOE gene is polymorphic, and the vast majority of population studies have focused on the three most common alleles (ε2, ε3 and ε4) that result in six possible genotypes [9] Both reduction in the frequency of the ε4 allele and increase in the frequency of the ε2 allele contribute to longevity [10, 11]. Bama County, located in the Hongshuihe River Basin of Guangxi Province, is well known as a longevity area around the world, as its lower genetic diversity background [17, 18] It is a good model for long life study. In this study, we intended to investigate the correlation between APOE genotypes, lipid profiles and human longevity using data from the Bama Aging Study
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