POSITIONING OF AIRCRAFT ON RELATION OF RUNWAY STRIP BY LASER-LOCATOR WHEN LANDING

Abstract

Currently, ILS (Instrumental Landing Systems) operating in the meter and decimeter wavelength range are used. Systems have a number of drawbacks. International Civil Aviation Organization decided on the feasibility of creating alternative positioning systems. In this paper, it was proposed to use a LL (Laser-Locator) system for landing an aircraft. In this case, the output of the aircraft on the trajectory lying in the plane of the glide path, and keeping on this plane by lateral deviations, it is advisable to do with the help of the azimuth-distance measuring system of the RRT (Request-Response Type). The SD (Standard Deviation) of the RRT measurements while keeping the aircraft on the glide path is 12 m. Such errors provide contact with the runway, but unacceptably large to control the decrease of aircraft altitude when flying along the glide path. The use of the LL system provides measurement of the flight altitude above the runway with errors two orders of magnitude less than the RRT, and also provides highprecision measurements of the roll and pitch angles of the aircraft relative to the runway. The analysis showed that the accuracy of the roll estimation corresponds to the SD of 0.2°, and the pitch of 0.055°. The height estimation SD is less than 0.025 m. The proposed method of positioning the aircraft relative to the runway differs from the known higher accuracy, noise immunity. The method can be applied when landing on airfields that are not equipped with ILS. It provides autonomous operation in conditions of onboard navigation system failure. In this case, an accurate movement along the glide path with simultaneous measurement of the angular orientation of the aircraft relative to the runway is ensured.