Positioning of aerial ambulances to improve health care access: A framework using fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy ANP

Abstract

ABSTRACT Air ambulances are a crucial enabler of emergency health care because of their high speed, ability to reach impassable areas, relocate more patients, provide better treatment while carrying patients, and ease of access to the hospital without traffic or sudden accidents. The right location must be selected according to scientific principles that address relevant factors to increase air ambulance efficiency in an emergency. A descriptive-analytical approach was adopted to solve the problem of identifying the best locations for aerial ambulances, combining three distinct methods. The first step was to identify criteria affecting the location of air ambulances. Then, the location was determined using a fuzzy analytical network process model coupled with a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique and a geographic information system. To examine the method, a case study was conducted in a province in southeast Iran. Case study results showed insufficient aerial ambulance stations and roads to meet the need. This study provides helpful information for city planners and health policymakers to determine the optimal location of air ambulances by analyzing geographical conditions and barriers to delivering high-quality care to remote area. The study can contribute to more sustainable cities through better health services for communities.