Abstract
Addressing climate change requires de-carbonizing future energy supplies in an increasingly energy-dependent world. The IEA and the IPCC (2014) mention the following as low-carbon energy supply options: ‘renewable energy, nuclear power and fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage’. Positioning nuclear power in the decarbonization transition is a problematic issue and is overridden by ill-conceived axioms. Before probing these axioms, we provide an overview of five major, postwar energy-related legacies and some insight into who is engaged in nuclear activities. We check whether low-carbon nuclear power passes the full sustainability test and whether it is compatible with the unfettered deployment of variable renewable power sourced from the sun and from wind and water currents, which delivers two negative answers. We show that the best approach of the sustainable energy transition was Germany’s 2011 decision to phase out nuclear power for a fast development and full deployment of renewable power. This is the best approach for the sustainable energy transition. We offer five practical suggestions to strengthen and accelerate carbon- and nuclear-free transitions. They are related to institutional issues like the role of cost-benefit analysis and the mission of the International Atomic Energy Agency, to the costs of nuclear risks and catastrophes, and to the historical record of nuclear technology and business.
Highlights
At COP21 in Paris in 2015 and COP22 in Marrakech world leaders have declared commitment to low-carbon energy transition
This paper offers a composite critique of methods widely utilized in energy sourcing decision-making; of the role and function of institutions governing and monitoring low-carbon transition; of approaches to the legacy, risks, and future threats of nuclear power; and of the to-date failure of the nuclear power cycle to deliver on announced declarations, such as solving the issues of safety and waste, or low-cost alternatives for substituting fossil fuels
Over the past 70 years, five main legacies determine current energy interests and discourses related to energy use: growth in fossil fuel consumption, atoms for peace, emerging flow renewable energy technologies surfing on non-energy science and technology, sustainable development of a new paradigm endorsed by the world political leaders at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, and climate change addressed at the Rio Summit by approval of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
Summary
At COP21 in Paris in 2015 and COP22 in Marrakech world leaders have declared commitment to low-carbon energy transition. Their sustainability and mutual compatibility are adopted without proof, axiomatically.
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