Abstract
Millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input single-output (MISO) technologies provide a possibility for using the available wireless communication infrastructure to realize full dimension (FD) positioning. In this paper, we propose a novel beam training based positioning and angle of departure (AoD) estimation algorithm. The positioning process is formulated as a minimization problem of the sum distance square between the position of the user equipment (UE) and a point on each ray of access points. By solving the minimization problem, an analytical solution of the position of the UE is derived. Since the direction vector, i.e., AoD information, is the core of positioning algorithm, we propose a beam training based AoD estimation method which consists of coarse and fine estimation phases to obtain the AoD of the propagation path. Numerical results show that the proposed AoD estimation algorithm achieves satisfactory performance when 3 dB beamwidth cover all the direction of the paths and has relative high accuracy even all direction is not completely covered. Compared with least square estimation for FD positioning, our approach estimates the position of the UE more accurate.
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