Abstract
A social determinants approach proposes that enhancing living conditions in areas such as income, housing, transportation, employment, education, social support, and health services is central to improving the health of urban populations. Urban development projects can be costly but have health impacts. The benefit derived from the creation of man-made lakes in developing countries is usually associated with great risks; however, the evidence for physical and non-physical health benefits of urban man-made lake is unclear. The aim of this paper is to formulate a conceptual framework of associations between urban man-made lakes and social determinants of health. This study was a qualitative study carried out using one focus group discussion and 16 individual interviews. Data were analyzed based on deductive-inductive content analysis approach. Participants' points of view were analyzed within 261 codes. Data analysis matrix was the conceptual framework of social determinants of health commission and its sub-groups, thus, two structural and mediating determinants categories as well as their sub-sets were created accordingly. In addition, some extra sub-sets including environment, air quality, weather changes, noise pollution, pathogenesis, quality of life, shortage of available resources, region popularity, ethnicity, tourism, social and physical development of children, unintentional injuries, aesthetic, and spirituality were extracted beyond the matrix factors, which were placed in each of above categories based on their thematic content. This paper has illustrated that the quality and type of man-made lake provided within communities can have a significant and sustained impact on community's health and wellbeing. Therefore, in order to strengthen positive effects and reduce negative effects of any developmental projects within community, their impacts on public health should be taken into consideration.
Highlights
In order to enhance public health, health should be taken into account in projects, programs, and policies of others sectors (Improving Health in the United States: The Role of Health Impact Assessment, 2011)
Data analysis matrix was the conceptual framework of social determinants of health commission and its sub-groups, two structural and mediating determinants categories as well as their sub-sets were created
We considered the structure of conceptual framework of “social determinants of health” commission alongside its sub-sets as data analysis matrix (Solar & Irwin, 2010)
Summary
In order to enhance public health, health should be taken into account in projects, programs, and policies of others sectors (Improving Health in the United States: The Role of Health Impact Assessment, 2011). Health effects assessment is defined as “combination of methods, procedures, and tools through which can judge about the potential effects of strategies, policies, plans or projects on public health as well as its distribution among the population”. Alike other projects and plans should be evaluated from health perspective and their effects on public health need to be addressed as well. A social determinants approach proposes that enhancing living conditions in areas such as income, housing, transportation, employment, education, social support, and health services is central to improving the health of urban populations. The aim of this paper is to formulate a conceptual framework of associations between urban man-made lakes and social determinants of health
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