Abstract
The issue of WTO reforms launched by the European Union and Canada in July 2018 is an, the issue of Most Favored Nation, the problem of overseeing the opportunity for developing countries to fight for their interests. This reform is expected to have a positive impact on the trade of developing countries. In addition, it is also expected to bring positive changes to the multilateral trading system and is expected to be able to accommodate the interests of developed and developing countris. This paper aims to analyze issues related to WTO reform, the effectiveness of WTO policies towards developing countries and formulate the position of developing countries in WTO reform. Several issues faced by developing countries that need to be fought for in WTO reform include: problems with market access and legal flexibility implementation, administration and operation of closed agreements, implementation of S & D provisions, public stockholding issues, problems special safeguard mechanism, problems with Appallate Body-WTO membership, and problem of digital commerce.Keywords: international trade, WTO, Interregional TradeJEL Classifications: F1, F13, F14, F15DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.8890
Highlights
The WTO, which was previously the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was considered to open a broad market opportunity because the GATT signatories agreed to reduce customs duties rates on most favored nations (MFN), apply strictly non-tariff rules such as unfair trade in relation to safeguards, anti-dumping, and countervailing measures as well as fair trade measures safeguard
If we look at the use of dispute resolution mechanisms by member countries, the early years of the WTO and the entire GATT period support the argument for capacity, but the WTO period does not support this argument
According to Stiglitz, free markets fail to create prosperity because of unfair international trade agreements. This injustice is seen from the policies of developed countries which are permitted to impose a tax on the goods of developing countries which are four times the amount of goods produced by industrialized developed countries
Summary
The WTO, which was previously the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), was considered to open a broad market opportunity because the GATT signatories agreed to reduce customs duties rates on most favored nations (MFN), apply strictly non-tariff rules such as unfair trade in relation to safeguards, anti-dumping, and countervailing measures as well as fair trade measures safeguard. Changes in the participation of dispute resolution by developed and developing countries negate the argument of capacity, and raises the question of the legalization argument: Why the effects of international legalization took place prominently in the WTO period, not in the early years of the WTO.
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