Abstract
We introduce PANEL a position-based aggregator node election protocol for wireless sensor networks. The novelty of PANEL with respect to other aggregator node election protocols is that it supports asynchronous sensor network applications where the sensor readings are fetched by the base stations after some delay. In particular, the motivation for the design of PANEL was to support reliable and persistent data storage applications, such as TinyPEDS; see the study by Girao et al. (2007). PANEL ensures load balancing, and it supports intra and intercluster routing allowing sensor-to-aggregator, aggregator-to-aggregator, base station-to-aggregator, and aggregator to-base station communications. We also compare PANEL with HEED; see the study by Younis and Fahmy (2004) in the simulation environment provided by TOSSIM, and show that, on one hand, PANEL creates more cohesive clusters than HEED, and, on the other hand, that PANEL is more energy efficient than HEED.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks consist of a multitude of tiny sensor nodes capable for wireless communications and a few powerful base stations
We have implemented both PANEL and HEED in NesC for TinyOS 2 [36], and the simulations are made with the help of TOSSIM [37], the de-facto TinyOS simulator
We described PANEL: a position-based aggregator node election protocol for wireless sensor networks
Summary
Wireless sensor networks consist of a multitude of tiny sensor nodes capable for wireless communications and a few powerful base stations. The idea is that, instead of forwarding (in case of synchronous applications) or storing (in case of asynchronous applications) raw sensor readings, data can be first processed, combined, and compressed by some distinguished sensor nodes, called aggregators. In this paper, which is an enhanced version of our previously published conference paper in [1], we introduce PANEL: a position-based aggregator node election protocol for wireless sensor networks. The motivation for the design of PANEL was to support TinyPEDS (Tiny Persistent Encrypted Data Storage) [2], and other similar asynchronous sensor network applications. Being a position-based protocol, PANEL supports TinyPEDS and applications alike by providing assurances regarding the distance between the elected aggregator nodes.
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