Abstract
目的评价在初治重型/极重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA/VSAA)患者抗胸腺/淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白(ATG/ALG)联合环孢素A的强化免疫抑制治疗(IST)中,采用泊沙康唑初级预防真菌感染的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析北京协和医院2013年4月至2017年5月接受强化IST及抗真菌初级预防的58例SAA患者资料,根据抗真菌预防药物分为泊沙康唑预防组和对照组(伊曲康唑或氟康唑预防),对比两组患者疾病特征、侵袭性真菌病(IFD)预防效果及药物不良反应。结果58例初治SAA/VSAA患者中,泊沙康唑预防组20例,对照组38例(伊曲康唑预防23例,氟康唑预防15例)。两组患者基线特征(性别、年龄、疾病严重程度、病因、起病到治疗间隔时间、ATG/ALG种类)差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.1)。泊沙康唑预防组和对照组IFD发生率分别为0和15.8%(P=0.084),对照组6例IFD中确诊、拟诊、未确定各2例;5例为肺部感染,1例为血流感染。在VSAA中,8例泊沙康唑预防组患者无一例发生IFD,15例对照组患者5例发生IFD。泊沙康唑预防组未见明显不良反应。结论在SAA/VSAA的强化IST中,本回顾性分析结果提示采用泊沙康唑初级预防真菌感染有效、安全,对于VSAA患者效果明显。
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