Abstract
To describe the preferences of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) for the attributes of DM medications in Spain. The project was conducted in four phases (A-D). Firstly, in phase A, a Steering Committee reviewed, selected, and validated a total of 18 attributes and its corresponding levels for treating DM. The attributes were classified into four categories: health outcomes, adverse events, treatment characteristics and cost of treatment. Secondly, in phase B, a questionnaire based on Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) methodology was developed. Subsequently, in phase C, adult people with DM members of associations of DM, were asked to complete an online DCE survey between May and September 2020. Finally, in phase D, the results obtained were analysed and contextualized in a deliberative process. Of the 238 participants who completed the questionnaire, 231 were analysed (mean age, 58 years; males, 62%; mean HbA1c level, 7.00%). The DCE results showed that the best-valued category was health outcomes (39.67%), followed by adverse events (26.85%), treatment characteristics (21.70%) and treatment costs (11.77%). The 10 attributes with the highest relative importance value had a significant effect on participants’ choice (p<0.05): blood pressure reduction (12.82%), hypoglycaemia (12.77%), HbA1c level reduction (8.54%), cost of the medication (8.13%), needle/tablet size (7.20%), weight change (6.72%), risk of genitourinary infections (6.36%), gastrointestinal problems (5.82%), improved kidney function (5.53%) and administration route (5.41%). People with DM prefer a treatment that generates benefits in measurable health effects (reducing blood pressure and HbA1c level, while not risking hypoglycaemia) and an administration route. To consider patients’ preference, above all in people with chronic pathologies could generate better clinical results and therapeutic adherence, reducing morbidity, mortality, and disease burden and improving their quality of life.
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