Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of ESRD. Immune inflammation mediated by macrophages is the crucial factor to the pathogenesis and progression of DN. Tubular cell injury is pivotal for in the recruitment and activation of DN macrophages, but the mechanism is still unclear. Exosomes are important mediators between cells. Tubular cells could activate macrophages through exosomes. However, the effect of DN tubular exosomes on macrophages remains unclear. Epsin1 is a key protein regulating the formation and secretion of exosomes, which is closely related to immune inflammation.
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