Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) per se is associated with a wide range of metabolic alterations, including disorders in the secretion of hormones and the response of target tissues, causing several endocrine dysfunctions that may contribute to worse outcomes. Among those, hypogonadism (i.e. testosterone deficiency) is the most common gonadal alteration in men. Both CKD and hypogonadism has effects on body composition. Most of the studies related to gonadal function in chronic kidney disease were done in countries other than India.
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