Abstract

Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), a congenital anomaly characterized by either a unilateral or bilateral reflux of urine from the bladder to the kidney(s), has been long recognized as a major pediatric health problem. Reflux nephropathy (RN) is responsible for 12% to 21% of all children with CKD. Reflux nephropathy (RN) is the fourth most common cause of ESRF in children.The role of antimicrobial prophylaxis or surgical intervention in the prevention of recurrent UTI or renal scarring remains controversial.

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