Abstract
Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) contributes substantial morbidity and mortality. Diabetes and hypertension are the most commonly identified causes of kidney failure. In South Africa however the cause of kidney failure is unknown in almost 20% of cases, preventing the development of targeted public health screening programs for the early detection and prevention of CKD progression. While emerging non-communicable diseases may comprise some of the CKD burden, the role of infectious diseases remains poorly quantified in many African countries.
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