Abstract
Diabetes shortens the life expectancy by more than a decade, and the excess mortality in diabetes is correlated with the incidence of kidney disease. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. In human biopsies and experimental models of DKD, macrophage accumulation predicts the severity of kidney damage. The mechanism of macrophage accumulation in diabetic glomeruli, however, is unknown. Increased growth hormone (GH) levels in type 1 diabetes and acromegalic patients had deleterious effects on glomerular biology.
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