Abstract
A considerable percentage of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 presented with acute kidney injury (AKI), the most common pathology of which was acute tubular injury. Of the biomarkers studied, the cell cycle arrest biomarkers tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) present in the urine after being released by tubular cells in response to injury were found to be superior in predicting AKI Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) stages 2 and 3 acute kidney injury.
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