Abstract
This essay argues that there exists a crucial triangle for speedy European integration and the institutionalization of representative democracy: a strong state-nation, strong elites and a reasonable level of economic development. In his view, Portugal was able to accomplish a democratic revolution and accession to the EU because it was a strong state-nation, had competitive elites, and was a cohesive society. Eastern European candidates weaker on these variables. The essay suggests that eastern European candidates should rebuild their elites and increase social cohesiveness before becoming full EU state-members. If they come in too quickly, they will be unable to cope with the challenges they will have to deal with later on.
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