Porphyrin-Based All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells With Absorption-Complementary Nonfullerene Acceptor

Abstract

It is crucial to minimize the absorption overlap between donor and acceptor for high-efficiency all-small-molecule organic solar cells with high current densities. Considering strong absorption of nonfullerene acceptors 2,2.-((2Z,2?Z)-((4,4,9,9-tetrah exyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b.]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis (methanylylidene))bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (IDIC) in the ranges of 650–750 nm, two porphyrin unit-based small molecules containing diketopyrrolopyrrole groups (Dipor and Por) are selected as the electron donor materials because of their weak absorption in this region. Porphyrin dimer Dipor displays a broad photon response from 300 to 1000 nm in the films and its absorption deficiency between the Soret and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -bands could be perfectly compensated by nonfullerene acceptors IDIC, while monomer Por shows partial overlapping absorption to IDIC in ranges of 650–700 nm and its absorption edge locates at ∼900 nm. The higher compatibility of porphyrin dimer Dipor and IDIC results in a promising power conversion efficiency of 8.3% with a high short-circuit current density ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J_sc</i> ) of 20.2 mA cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−2</sup> , whereas the devices based on Por: IDIC show a lower power conversion efficiency of 6.3%.