Abstract
Porous ion-exchanging resorcinol-formaldehyde resins were prepared by removing an inorganic template (CaCO3) and by polymerization of a highly concentrated emulsion with toluene as a dispersing phase. As compared to original resorcinol-formaldehyde resins, the porous one is characterized with higher values of internal diffusion, providing exceptional purification coefficients. However, the amounts of the introduced CaCO3 and toluene have to be below 10 wt.% and 25 wt.%, respectively, to avoid fast degradation of the ion-exchanger. Under dynamic conditions, average purification coefficients in the model solution of Cs-137 are twice higher than those of the non-porous sample. The prepared porous ion-exchange resin can be used in cases when high Cs-137 uptake from liquid media should be realized at increased rates of solution percolation.
Highlights
One of the main issues of advanced radiochemistry is related to “nuclear legacy” problems
Cs-137 can be preliminary removed from evaporator concentrates using selective sorption to reduce the amount of processed wastes with the small volume of the formed radionuclide concentrate [6]
The present paper is devoted to studies of the preparation of porous RF-resins via two routes based on solidification at high temperatures, yielding alkali-resistant materials with exceptional kinetic characteristics of ion-exchange process
Summary
One of the main issues of advanced radiochemistry is related to “nuclear legacy” problems. Plutonium production in the USA has yielded huge amounts of heterogeneous liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) (around 200 million L) [1], stored at the Savannah River Site and Hanford Site. Such LRWs contain mainly Na+ (5–6 M), NO3− (1.5–3.0 M), and OH− (0.5–2.4 M) [2,3,4], while their activity is caused by Cs-137 and Sr-90 [3]. The RF-resin lifetime for a high pH LRW treatment can be prolonged by the increase of intragranular mass-transfer. The latter will provide faster percolation of purified solution with purification coefficients remaining on a high level that will reduce processing times and ion-exchanger degradation. The present paper is devoted to studies of the preparation of porous RF-resins via two routes based on solidification at high temperatures, yielding alkali-resistant materials with exceptional kinetic characteristics of ion-exchange process
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