Abstract
In this work, we reported a novel micro-extrusion foaming process using CO2 as a physical foaming agent to fabricate porous polyetherimide (PEI) fibers with open-cell skin and submicrocellular core. A high cell nucleation rate was triggered due to a high gas solubility during the temperature-rise foaming process within the extrusion head. The time-limited cell growth and cell coalescence with foaming time less than 3.95 s were the fundamental reasons for the fabrication of porous PEI fibers with submicrocellular size of about 550 nm. The thermal insulation properties of porous PEI fibers and their textiles woven were investigated, and the submicrocellular structure improved the thermal insulation properties, and resulted in the highest temperature difference of 40.6 °C. The flame retardancy and the superhydrophobic modification of porous PEI fibers were also confirmed. Our research results on the correlation between the characterization and functions of porous PEI fibers are expected to promote the development and application of thermal insulation porous polymer fibers.
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