Abstract
We propose a novel class of optical fiber with a porous transverse cross-section that is created by arranging sub-wavelength air-holes within the core of the fiber. These fibers can offer a combination of low transmission loss and high mode confinement in the THz regime by exploiting the enhancement of the guided mode field that occurs within these sub-wavelength holes. We evaluate the properties of these porous fibers and quantitatively compare their performance relative to that of a solid core air cladded fiber (microwire). For similar loss values, porous fibers enable improved light confinement and reduced distortion of a broadband pulse compared to microwires.
Highlights
The terahertz (THz) or T-ray region of electromagnetic spectrum, located between millimeter wave and infrared frequencies, has attracted much interest over the last decade
We propose a novel class of optical fiber with a porous transverse cross-section that is created by arranging sub-wavelength air-holes within the core of the fiber
A porous fiber offers the same order of loss with less susceptibility to the bend loss and environment external to the fiber, reducing the practical handling issues
Summary
The terahertz (THz) or T-ray region of electromagnetic spectrum, located between millimeter wave and infrared frequencies, has attracted much interest over the last decade. To produce practical waveguide structures for THz, it is critical to find a means of improving the mode confinement while retaining the reduction in material loss that is associated with locating most of the guided field in air. Gap between the two slabs, and a sub-wavelength hole in a fiber can trap 26% of the power in the sub-wavelength discontinuity The former is difficult to handle because it needs another structure to keep the slabs together and the latter is not a promising low-loss waveguide structure for terahertz since a large portion of the power of the guiding mode is still propagating inside the material [24]. This paper considers a porous fiber core with sub-wavelength holes to enable localization and enhancement of the guided mode within the holes, and the use of such structures for improving the effective material loss and confinement. We demonstrate that for similar loss values, our porous core fiber leads to better confinement than microwires
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