Abstract
Porous concrete has been widely used for many purposes in this couple of days. In reality, it might be difficult to create an ideal uniform graded porous concrete mixture proportion with the field gradation circumstances. The aim of this study was to find a porous concrete mix-design proportion that could adjust field gradation and meet Specifications requirements by utilizing continuous graded aggregate. Compressive strength and vertical permeability produced by porous concrete using continuous graded aggregate stayed above the minimum limit for base layer required by Specifications. Continuous graded porous concrete from mix-design variation II produced higher compressive strength, but lower void content and vertical permeability compared to mix design variation I at the age of 28-days. It was found that continuous graded porous concrete from both mix-design variations had an optimum basic parameters in specific value as well. Porous concrete that adjust the field gradation gave a better basic property criteria compared to ideal gradation. The relationship between void content and vertical permeability from continuous graded porous concrete had a similar behavior with uniform graded porous concrete. Overall, the use of continuous graded porous concrete would be very helpful in Indonesia because it can adjust the gradation on the field.
Highlights
Porous concrete has been widely used for many purposes in this couple of days, especially in the developed country
All of vertical permeability values from mix design variation I stayed above the minimum limit of permeability, i.e. 0.1 cm/sec, for base layer required by Specification [9] at the age of 7-days and 28-days
Only several void content values stayed above 20%, whole vertical permeability values from mix design variation II stayed above the minimum limit of permeability, i.e. 0.1 cm/sec, for base layer required by Specification [9] at the age of 28-days
Summary
Porous concrete has been widely used for many purposes in this couple of days, especially in the developed country. Porous concrete may be used as a surface course for parking lots and low volume roads because of its limited strength. ACI Committee 522 [1] reported that porous concrete generally has a low compressive strength value, ranging from 2.8 MPa - 28 MPa, when compared to normal concrete. Because its compressive strength value still not fulfilling the minimum limit as a surface layer which required by Specification [2], it will be more realistic to place it as a base layer in rigid pavement structure in Indonesia. Most of rigid pavement structures in Indonesia commonly utilize a base layer that contain grained materials. The combination of trapped infiltration water and repeated traffic loading will create void below the surface layer and end up of erosion in pavement foundation. Erosion phenomenon could lead to the loss of foundation support, pavement premature distress and short-term service life issue [3]
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