Porous aromatic framework/polydimethylsiloxane coated stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection of trace polychlorinated biphenyls analysis in environmental waters

Abstract

A porous aromatic framework (PAF-47) synthesized through Suzuki coupling reaction was introduced to prepare PAF-47/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated stir bar by sol-gel technique. PAF-47/PDMS coating provided high extraction recovery (77.6–90.6%, the ratio of actual enrichment factor (EF) to theoretical EF) for five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a relatively short time (60 min), exhibiting a faster extraction kinetics over commercial PDMS coating (12/24 h). Based on this, a new method based on PAF-47/PDMS coated stir bar sorptive extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection was proposed for trace analysis of target PCBs in environmental water. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection for five PCBs were within 44–70 ng/L, with actual EF of 64.0–71.5-fold (maximal EF of 83.3-fold). This method was successfully used to detect trace PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, with recoveries of 81.0–113% and 86.1–111%, respectively.