Abstract
In this paper we discuss different routes for the formation of collagen/HAP-composites with graded porosity. We show experimental evidence of the pore growth during phase separation of an aqueous collagen solution and investigate the influence of different mechanical boundary conditions (freestanding body, film on rigid substrate). The formation of a graded pore structure via phase separation is presented as well as the successful synthesis of a collagen/HAP.-composite via a cementation reaction from a colloidal HAP-precursor. In the modelling part we focus on the drying process as a route for graded densification and structure formation. We present a brief description of the model used to investigate stress formation and plastic deformation in a two-phase material containing a liquid and a solid phase. We outline the important processing and material parameters for structural design and show how the model can be used to find the optimum processing conditions for a desired graded structure.
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