Abstract
Synapsin 1 (SYN1) is a phosphoprotein involved in nerve signal transmission. The porcine SYN1 promoter orthologue was cloned and characterized to provide a means of expressing a transgene specifically in neurons. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter displayed a high degree of conservation of elements responsible for neuron-specific expression. Expression analysis of SYN1 demonstrated presence of transcript during embryonic development. Analysis of GFP expression in transgenic zebrafish embryos suggests that the pig SYN1 promoter directs expression in neuronal cells. Thus, the SYN1 promoter is a good candidate for use in the generation of pig models of human neurodegenerative disorders.
Highlights
Synapsin 1 (SYN1) belongs to a family of phosphoproteins, comprising synapsin 2 and 3 with isoforms
This particular splice mechanism of SYN1 is conserved between the pig, human, bovine and rat mRNAs
Studies on SYN1 gene structure and function reported only 225 bp 5 to the transcription start site (TSS) to act as a minimal promoter and facilitate neuron-specificity in cell lines [41,46,47]
Summary
Synapsin 1 (SYN1) belongs to a family of phosphoproteins, comprising synapsin 2 and 3 with isoforms. These synapsins associate with the surface of synaptic vesicles [1,2]. Members of the synapsin family have common protein domains and are implicated in neuronal development, synaptogenesis, and maintenance of mature synapses and modulation of neurotransmitter release [3]. Synapsins regulate synaptic vesicle traffic and are involved in the regulation of synaptic vesicle availability for release and in short-term plasticity. Two different carboxy-terminal forms of SYN1, a and b, exist, originating from alternative splicing of a common transcript. Well-known from a number of vertebrate species, SYN1 is an important player
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