Abstract
The detection capacity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) in tongues from dead animals in breeding herds (stillborns and piglets dying during the lactating period) and nursery farms (naturally dead animals) for PRRSV surveillance was evaluated. The samples were selected if pairs of serum and tongues were available from 2018 to 2020. Serum (pools of five) and exudate from tongues (one bag) were analyzed by PRRSV RT-PCR. The agreement between the serum sample procedure versus tongues exudate was assessed using a concordance test (Kappa statistic) at batch level. A total of 32 submissions, corresponding to 14 farms, had PRRSV diagnostic information for serum and tongues exudate. The overall agreement of batch classification as positive or negative, based on RT-PCR PRRSV results, between serum and tongue exudate of the 32 pairs was 76.9%. Cohen’s Kappa was 0.55. The main discrepancy came from the presence of positive samples in tongues exudate and not in serum, suggesting that tongue exudate to monitor PRRSV seems to be more sensitive than serum. These results suggest that this sample procedure could be also used for PRRSV surveillance and monitoring.
Highlights
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most prominent endemic pig viral disease that continues to generate huge economic losses to producers [1]
Virus (PRRSV) diagnosis is commonly based on clinical suspicion followed by laboratory confirmation with diagnostic procedures such as reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody detection with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique
These clinical symptoms are commonly observed after the beginning of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) outbreak in breeding herds, but their severity usually decreases as the prevalence of infectious breeding sows declines over time and these animals clear the infection [3,4]
Summary
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the most prominent endemic pig viral disease that continues to generate huge economic losses to producers [1]. Clinical suspicion becomes evident if a sudden increase in the abortion rate and/or a relevant decrease in the number of born alive piglets and/or an increase of lost piglets (stillborn and mummified) is observed in sow farms [2]. These clinical symptoms are commonly observed after the beginning of the PRRSV outbreak in breeding herds, but their severity usually decreases as the prevalence of infectious breeding sows declines over time and these animals clear the infection [3,4]. Knowledge of the epidemiological status from the sows to the fattening pigs is critical to adopt the most suitable measures adapted to each production system [4]
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